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A combination of congenital central nervous,ocular and muscular abnormalities is characteristic of muscle-eye-brain disease(MEB),of Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy(FCMD),and of Walker-Warburg syndrome(WWS).The nosological relationship of these inherited malformative disorders is still unestablished,although the genetic locus for FCMD has been excluded in MEB.We present the first postmortem neuropathological study of MEG based on two male patients.Apart from sharply limited occipital agyric areas,their brains show coarse gyri with an abnormally nodular surface("cobblestone cortex").Both the cerebral and cerebellar cortices showed a total disorganization without horizontal lamination.The haphazardly oriented cortical neurons formed irregular clusters or islands,separated by gliovascular strands extending from the pia.The ocular abnormalities included a pronounced glial preretinal membrane. Although MEB shares the cobblestone cortex-type malformation with FCMD and WWS,the cerebral and ocular manifestations are less severe than in WWS. Furthermore,a consistently weak staining for laminin a2 chain(merosin)was found in muscle biopsy specimens from four MEB patients,while normal immunoreactivity was observed for the laminin B2 chain,reported to be severely deficient in WWS.These findings support nosological independence of MEB. |
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