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Limbic encephalitis (LE) is a neurological syndrome that may present in association with cancer, infection, or as an isolate clinical condition often accompanying autoimmune disorders. Here we have characterized the clinical and laboratory features of two patients presenting with subacute onset, and chronic evolution, of anterograde amnesia and drug-resistant epilepsy associated with thyroid autoimmunity and in absence of tumoral pathology despite long follow-up. Antibodies against onconeural antigens, voltage gated potassium channel and glutamate receptors, which may accompany paraneoplastic as well as non-paraneoplastic LE, were negative. However, biochemical studies showed high titers, and sustained intrathecal synthesis, of antibodies directed against neuronal glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). In one patient, plasma exchange determined a dramatic improvement of the neurological deficits along with the decrease of autoantibodies. |
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amnesia
amnesia,anterograde
autoantibodies
autoimmune disease
cerebrospinal fluid,oligoclonal IgG in
encephalitis
encephalitis,autoimmune
glutamic acid decarboxylase,antibody
hippocampus
hypothyroidism
limbic encephalitis
memory,impairment of
MRI,abnormal
plasmapheresis
seizure
seizure,intractable
seizure,psychomotor-temporal lobe
symmetric brain lesions
temporal lobe
temporal lobe,lesion
temporal lobe,lesion,bilateral
thyroid function tests
thyroiditis
treatment of neurologic disorder
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