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Delirium is a common and costly complication of hospitalization. Although medications are a known cause of delirium, antibiotics are an underrecognized class of medications associated with delirium. In this article, we comprehensively review the clinical, radiologic, and electrophysiologic features of antibiotic-associated encephalopathy (AAE). AAE can be divided into 3 unique clinical phenotypes: encephalopathy commonly accompanied by seizures or myoclonus arising within days after antibiotic administration (caused by cephalosporins and penicillin); encephalopathy characterized by psychosis arising within days of antibiotic administration (caused by quinolones, macrolides, and procaine penicillin); and encephalopathy accompanied by cerebellar signs and MRI abnormalities emerging weeks after initiation of antibiotics (caused by metronidazole). |
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antibiotics antibiotics,neurologic complications with ataxia,cerebellar boomerang sign cephalosporins cerebellar lesion complications delirium dentate nuclei,lesion of drug induced neurologic disorders electroencephalogram,abnormalities of encephalopathy iatrogenic neurologic disorders metronidazole MRI,abnormal MRI,diffusion weighted myoclonus neurotoxic penicillin prognosis psychosis seizure splenium of corpus callosum
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